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RDC/TMD Axis ¥° Áø´Ü¿¡ µû¸¥ ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾Ö ȯÀÚÀÇ ÃøµÎ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±Àû Ư¡¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸

Cephalometric Characteristics of TMD Patients based on RDC/TMD Axis I Diagnosis

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¾ÈÁö¿¬, ±è¿ë¿ì, ±è¿µ±¸, ÀÌÁ¤À±,
¼Ò¼Ó »ó¼¼Á¤º¸
¾ÈÁö¿¬ ( Ahn Ji-Yeon ) - ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ Ä¡Çבּ¸¼Ò
±è¿ë¿ì ( Kim Yong-Woo ) - ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­³»°úÁø´ÜÇб³½Ç
±è¿µ±¸ ( Kim Yeong-Gu ) - ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­³»°úÁø´ÜÇб³½Ç
ÀÌÁ¤À± ( Lee Jeong-Yun ) - ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ Ä¡Çבּ¸¼Ò

Abstract

º» ¿¬±¸´Â ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾ÖÀÇ ¿¬±¸ Áø´Ü ±âÁØ(Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder; RDC/TMD)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ±¸ºÐµÈ ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾Ö(Temporomandibular Disorder; TMD) ȯÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¾È¸éÀÇ °ñ°ÝÀû ¾ç»ó°ú TMD »çÀÌÀÇ ¿¬°ü¼ºÀ» ±Ô¸íÇÏ°í ±³Á¤ ȯÀÚÀÇ Áø´Ü°ú Ä¡·á¿¡ ÀÖ¾î RDC/TMDÀÇ È°¿ë °¡´É¼ºÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ Ä¡°úº´¿ø ±¸°­³»°ú¿¡ ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾ÖÀÇ Áø´Ü°ú Ä¡·á¸¦ À§ÇØ ³»¿øÇÑ ¿©¼º ȯÀÚµéÀÇ Àǹ« ±â·Ï ¹× ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁøÀ» °ËÅäÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç ȯÀÚÀÇ ¿¬·ÉÀÌ 18¼¼ ¹Ì¸¸À̰ųª Àü½Å Áúȯ, °ñ°ÝÀû ±âÇü ¶Ç´Â ÃøµÎÇϾǰüÀý ºÎÀ§ÀÇ ¿Ü»ó º´·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì´Â Á¦¿ÜµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÃÑ 96¸íÀÇ ¿©¼º ȯÀڷκÎÅÍ ¾òÀº RDC/TMD Axis ¥°À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ÀÓ»ó °Ë»ç °á°ú¿Í Ãø¹æ µÎºÎ±Ô°Ý¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø (lateral cephalogram), Æijë¶ó¸¶ ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø(panoramic radiograph) ¹× ȾµÎ°³ ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø(transcranial radiograph)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ¹æ»ç¼±Àû °Ë»ç °á°ú¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. RDC/TMD¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Áý´ÜÀ» ºÐ·ùÇÑ ÈÄ Ãø¹æ µÎºÎ±Ô°Ý¹æ»ç¼±»çÁøÀÇ °¢µµ ¹× ±æÀÌ ¿ä¼ÒµéÀ» °èÃøÇÏ¿© ¾È¸éÀÇ °ñ°Ý °ü°è, »óÇÏ¾Ç °ü°è ¹× Ä¡¿­ °ü°è¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Åë°èÀû ºÐ¼®¹ýÀ¸·Î´Â µ¶¸³Ç¥º» t-°ËÁ¤ (independent t-test), ÀÏ¿øºÐ»êºÐ¼®(one-way Analysis of Variance; one-way ANOVA) ¹× Ä«ÀÌÁ¦°ö °ËÁ¤(chi-square test)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿´°í ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °á°ú¸¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù.
1. ±ÙÀ° ¹®Á¦¸¦ Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â RDC/TMD Axis ¥°ÀÇ Á¦1±º ÃøµÎ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±Àû Ư¡¿¡¼­ Åë°èÀû À¯ÀǼºÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
2. °üÀý¿øÆÇ º¯À§¸¦ ÀÓ»óÀûÀ¸·Î Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â Á¦ 2 ±º¿¡¼­´Â °³±¸ Àå¾Ö¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ºñÁ¤º¹¼º °üÀý¿øÆÇ º¯À§°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì °üÀý¿øÆÇ º¯À§°¡ ¾ø´Â Á¤»ó Áý´Ü¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© articular angleÀÌ Å« °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.
3. °üÀýÅë, °üÀý¿° ¹× °üÀýÁõÀ» Áø´ÜÇÏ´Â Á¦ 3 ±º¿¡¼­´Â articular angle, FMA, Bjork sum, posterior facial height ¹× facial height ratio¿¡¼­ À¯ÀÇÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ºÐ¼®µÇ¾ú´Ù.
4. TMD Áø´Ü±º°ú °ñ°ÝÀû ¾ç»ó »çÀÌÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ´Ü¼øÈ­Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© RDC/TMD Axis ¥° °¢ ±ºÀ» ¾çºÐ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐ·ùÇÑ µÚ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ºÐ¼®À» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× °á°ú Á¦ 1 ±º¿¡¼­´Â overjet, Á¦ 2 ±º¿¡¼­´Â articular angle, facial height ratio ¹× IMPA, ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î Á¦ 3 ±º¿¡¼­´Â articular angle, gonial angle, facial convexity, FMA, Bjork sum, posterior facial height, facial height ratio ¹× ANB angle¿¡¼­ À¯ÀÇÇÑ Â÷À̸¦ º¸¿´´Ù.
ÀÌ»óÀÇ RDC/TMD Axis ¥°À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Áø´ÜµÈ ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾Ö ȯÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¾È¸éÀÇ °ñ°ÝÀû ¾ç»ó°ú TMD »çÀÌÀÇ ¿¬°ü¼ºÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú·ÎºÎÅÍ RDC/TMD Axis ¥° ÀÓ»ó Áø´Ü¿¡ µû¶ó Áø´ÜÇÑ ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾Ö ȯÀÚ Áß Á¦ 2 ±º°ú Á¦ 3 ±ºÀÇ È¯Àڵ鿡¼­ ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾Ö¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ÇϾǰñÀÇ ÈÄÇϹæ ȸÀüÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ °ñ°ÝÀû Â÷ÀÌ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÔÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. RDC/TMD Axis ¥°Àº ±³Á¤ Àü ȤÀº ±³Á¤ Ä¡·á ÁøÇà Áß¿¡ ÀÓ»ó °Ë»ç ¹× ÀÏ¹Ý ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁøÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ Á¦ÇÑµÈ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ±³Á¤ Ä¡·áÁß °í·ÁÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÒ TMD ȯÀÚ¸¦ °¨º°Çϴµ¥ À¯¿ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

The aims of this study were to investigate whether the facial skeletal patterns previously reported to be related to temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in other studies could be consistently observed in the TMD patients diagnosed according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (RDC/TMD) Axis ¥° and evaluate its usability in the orthodontic clinics to examine the patients with TMD related symptoms.
The clinical records and radiographs of female patients who visited the TMD and Orofacial Pain Clinic of Seoul National University Dental Hospital and were diagnosed as TMD were consecutively filed for this study. Patients were clinically examined and diagnosed according to the revised diagnostic algorithms of RDC/TMD Axis ¥° and the lateral cephalogram, panoramic orthopantomogram, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) orthopantomogram, and transcranial radiograph of each patient were taken and digitalized. The data of patients who were under 18 years of age or had any systemic disease, trauma history involving the TMJ, or skeletal deformity at the time of the first examination were excluded. The remaining data of 96 female patients were finally analyzed. The obtained results were as follows:
1. There are no significant differences of cephalometric measurements between RDC ¥° (muscle disorders) diagnostic groups.
2. Only the articular angle of the RDC group ¥±c (disk displacement without reduction without limited opening) patients was larger than patients of the no diagnosis of RDC ¥± group (disk displacement).
3. Larger articular angle and smaller facial height ratio were observed in RDC ¥²c group (osteoarthrosis) compared to ¥²a group (arthralgia). Larger articular angle, larger Bjork sum, smaller posterior facial height, and smaller facial height ratio were observed in RDC group ¥²c compared to no diagnosis of RDC ¥² group (arthralgia, arthritis, and arthrosis).
4. According to the results of cephalometric analysis in simplified RDC groups, smaller overjet was observed in muscle disorders (MD) group. Facial height ratio and IMPA were smaller and articular angle was larger in disk displacements (DD) group than in no diagnosis of DD group. In arthrosis (AR) group, posterior facial height, and facial height ratio were smaller, and articular angle, gonial angle, facial convexity, FMA, Bjork sum, and ANB were larger than in no diagnosis of AR group. In joint pain (JP) group, only posterior facial height was smaller than no diagnosis of JP group.
In conclusion, Facial morphologic patterns showing posterior-rotated mandible and lower posterior facial height is related to RDC group ¥± and ¥² diagnosis of the TMJ in female TMD patients. RDC/TMD Axis ¥° diagnosis can provide a good clinical diagnostic tool for the standardized examination of the TMJ in orthodontic clinics.

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ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾Ö; ÃøµÎÇϾÇÀå¾ÖÀÇ ¿¬±¸ Áø´Ü ±âÁØ; Ãø¹æ µÎºÎ±Ô°Ý¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD); Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (RDC/TMD); Lateral cephalogram

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